Acquired HIV-1 resistance in adults treated in Comprehensive Care Units in Guatemala
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55204/scc.v3i1.e94Keywords:
HIV-1, antiretrovirals, secondary resistance, mutationsAbstract
Introduction. The use of medications to treat HIV-1 has been linked to acquired drug resistance, which has been increasing in recent years. Objective. Describe the levels acquired resistance of HIV-1 among adult patients, treated in 9 Comprehensive HIV Care Units in Guatemala. Methodology. A total of 61 records of HIV-positive adult patients were analyzed, 41 in first failure and 20 in multiple failure, all of them underwent genotype testing during January 2020 and June 2021. The analysis was performed in DeepChek® v2.0 software, and the Stanford HIVdb algorithm (v9.4 - 12/17/2022) was used to classify the resistance. Results. Overall resistance to any antiretroviral treatment (ART) family was 82.0% (95% CI 70.0 - 90.6%). Higher resistance to the NNRTIs family was observed, mainly EFV (94.4%) and NVP (97.2%) in in first failure patients and 92.9% for each medication in multiple failure patients. The most frequently found mutations were M184V/I (54.0%, 24.0%) and K103N/S (58.0%, 22.0%) in first ART failure and multiple failure, respectively; and I54V (6.0%) in patients with multiple failure. Conclusion. The high acquired resistance to HIV-1 in patients treated in different regions of the country shows the importance of having/expanding national coverage of HIV-1 VL tests to early identify failure to ART and optimal medications to change soon possible ARV regimen in case of confirmed treatment failure.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Jessenia Sabrina Navas Castillo, Maria Cristina Quintana Galindo, Nydia Anaidé Orózco Morán, Aura Marina Méndez Andrade, Claudia Lorena Mazariegos López, Ana Lucía Gómez Alcázar, German Orlando Cuyuch Sontay, Gladys Del rosario Sajché Aguilar, Rodolfo Pinzón Meza, Ana Johanna Samayoa Bran
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